Piclone (gui) only backups the actual data - https://github.com/raspberrypi-ui/piclone

To run from command line

Copy this script https://github.com/raspberrypi-ui/piclone/blob/master/src/backup

On raspberry pi, run

sudo nano sdclone.sh

paste in the text

cntrl-x then y to save and exit

sudo chmod 777 sdclone.sh

I'm using a Sandisk external SD card and USB micro SD card reader

16gb Sandisk class 10 Micro SD card - https://amzn.to/350eGpw

Kingston Micro SD card reader USB - https://amzn.to/2Ver1BX

Run lsblk

NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda           8:0    1 14.9G  0 disk
├─sda1        8:1    1 43.2M  0 part
└─sda2        8:2    1 14.8G  0 part
mmcblk0     179:0    0  7.5G  0 disk
├─mmcblk0p1 179:1    0 43.2M  0 part /boot
└─mmcblk0p2 179:2    0  7.4G  0 part /

To run

sudo ./sdclone.sh /dev/sda /dev/macblk0

sudo apt-get update
sudo rpi-update
sudo apt-get -y dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install python-smbus i2c-tools mysql-client python-mysqldb git minicom build-essential python-serial python-dev python-pip fswebcam git scons swig python-openssl python3-lxml python-lxml -y

MQTT

sudo pip install --index-url=https://pypi.python.org/simple/  paho-mqtt

DHT22

git clone https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Python_DHT.git

cd Adafruit_Python_DHT

sudo python setup.py install

BMP085

git clone https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Python_BMP.git
cd Adafruit_Python_BMP
sudo python setup.py install

LEDs

git clone https://github.com/jgarff/rpi_ws281x.git
cd rpi_ws281x
scons

cd python
sudo python setup.py install

BME680

curl https://get.pimoroni.com/bme680 | bash

 Used as a central hub

Originally had My SQL database running but this was moved to a web site.

• Rasberry Pi B+
• 512mb ram
• Adblocker DNS server
• Pimornoni mini Black HAT Hack3r
• RFM69Pi 433Mhz Raspberry Pi Base Station Receiver Board
• Energenie Pi-mote Remote Control
• Owl +USB CM160 Wireless Electricity Energy Monitor

Another Raspberry Pi monitoring the weather

Uploads data every 10 minutes to a My SQL database

I tried using a Raspberry Pi to count the number of times the Wind Speed Anemometer revolved, but the Pi was unable to keep up.

So I used an Arduino Nano to do the counting.  The Raspberry Pi then looks for the output from the Arduino Nano

volatile byte count;

unsigned int loopcount;

unsigned int maxofcount;
unsigned int araysum;

unsigned int duration;
unsigned long tenseconds;
unsigned long sixtyseconds;

int countarray[6];

void setup()
{
  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
  attachInterrupt(0, arduino_anemometer, RISING);
  
  tenseconds = millis() + 10000;
  sixtyseconds = millis() + 60000;
  
  //countarray[]= {0,0,0,0,0,0};
  
  loopcount = 0;
  maxofcount = 0;
  Serial.print("Startup\n");
  //printwait();
  count = 0;
}

void loop()
{
  if (millis() > tenseconds) 
    {
      countarray[loopcount] = count;
      loopcount++;
      if (loopcount > 5)
        {
            maxofcount = getIndexOfMaximumValue(countarray, 6); 
            araysum = getSumofArray(countarray, 6);
            Serial.print("Current Count#");
            Serial.print(araysum,DEC);
            Serial.print("#Burst#");
            Serial.print(maxofcount,DEC); 
            Serial.print("#\r");
            
            loopcount = 0;
            sixtyseconds = millis() + 60000;
        }

      //printwait();
      tenseconds = millis() + 10000; 
      count = 0;
      //Serial.print("\n");
    }
  else
     {
        if(millis() < (tenseconds - 20000))
          {
            tenseconds = millis() + 10000;
          }
     } 
}

void arduino_anemometer()
{
  count++;
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);   // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
  delay(50);
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);    // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
}


void printwait()
  {
      Serial.print("\n");
      Serial.print("                                   Current time - ");
      Serial.print(millis());
      Serial.print("      tenseconds = ");
      Serial.print(tenseconds);
      Serial.print("      sixtyseconds = ");
      Serial.print(sixtyseconds);
  }
  

int getIndexOfMaximumValue(int* array, int size)
  {
    int maxvalue = 0;
    for (int i=0; i<size; i++)
      {
        //Serial.print("\n");
        //Serial.print("              Array Number ");
        //Serial.print(i);
        //Serial.print("  Array value ");
        //Serial.print(array[i]);
        //Serial.print("  Max value ");
        //Serial.print(maxvalue);
  
        if (maxvalue < array[i])
          {
            maxvalue = array[i];
          }
    }
    return maxvalue;
  }

int getSumofArray(int* array, int size)
  {
    int sumofarray = 0;
    for (int i=0; i<size; i++)
      {
        sumofarray = sumofarray + array[i];
      }
    return sumofarray;
  }

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Raspbian Jessie

sudo nano /etc/dhcpcd.conf
interface eth0

static ip_address=192.168.1.82/24
static routers=192.168.1.1
static domain_name_servers=192.168.1.162

On Older Raspbian

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

address 192.168.1.67
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.1.0
broadcast 192.168.1.255
gateway 192.168.1.1

Configure channel and speed on emonPi to work with Tintx3 - 433mhz group 210

minicom -D /dev/ttyAMA0 -b 38400

(pi 3 -  sudo minicom -D /dev/serial0 -b 38400)

type:-

210g

4b

Pi is on IP 192.168.1.50
Pi web server is on 192.168.1.51

Router is 192.168.1.1

DNS are both pointing to google DNS servers
8.8.8.8
8.8.4.4

sudo service dnsmasq status

sudo nano /etc/dnsmasq.d/dnsmasq.custom.conf

sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf

dig adafruit.com

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

So you want to record temperature measurements over time?

I have used the Adafruit guides to teach myself how to log the weather.  They're fairly easy to follow and the guides are updated regularly.

See this Adafruit guide on how to publish temperature and humidity readings to Google docs - https://learn.adafruit.com/dht-humidity-sensing-on-raspberry-pi-with-gdocs-logging

The Adafruit guide uses a DHT11 sensor that can measure temperature and humidity.  My advice is to use the slightly more expensive DHT22 sensor as it's more accurate, has higher and lower humidity sensing, and is more stable.

You can add multiple DHT sensors to a Pi but each sensor requires one dedicated pin on the pi (26 pins are usable of the 40 available).  You can also use DS18B20 1-Wire Temperature sensors to record the temperature.  These can be "networked" together requiring just one pin on the Pi.

Adafruit guide on DS18B20 temperature sensors - https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruits-raspberry-pi-lesson-11-ds18b20-temperature-sensing

You might wish to record the ar pressure.  Adafruit again has a guide but it looks out of date - https://learn.adafruit.com/using-the-bmp085-with-raspberry-pi/using-the-adafruit-bmp085-python-library?view=all

My Setup

I have 2 Raspberry Pi's running 24 x 7 x 365 days a year measuring the weather.  The data is dumped to a MySQL database running on a website.

Pi 1 (at rear of property) - 2  DHT22 sensors (one inside, one outside), 20 DS18B20 temperature sensors, 2 Light sensors (inside and out), pressure sensor, Pi camera

Pi 2 (at front of property) - 2  DHT22 sensors (one inside, one outside), 5 DS18B20 temperature sensors, 2 Light sensors (inside and out), rain sensor, wind sensor, pressure sensor

Notes

Raspberry pi 3 chosen as it has built in wifi and low energy Bluetooth.  Cheaper older models are available but you'll have to buy Wifi adapter.  Most guides are written for Pi 3.  This would run on a Pi Zero (£5) but you then have extra problems with things like 1 usb port, soldering on the headers etc.

You can run a Raspberry Pi 3 from a normal USB power supply (mobile phone charger) as long as it can supply at least 2 amps.  The Pi will run on power adapters supplying less than 2 amps but you may run in to problems.

Sometimes you can buy higher capacity memory cards cheaper.  You need at least a 4gb memory card and I currently use 8gb cards.  I backup my cards every time I make a major change, so backing up 16gb card's would require more space.  The Pi supports up to 64gb micro SD cards.

Equipment Required (total about £60)

• Raspberry Pi 3 (£29) - http://amzn.to/2df8lNZ
• Official Raspberry Pi power supply (5v 2.5a) (£8) - http://amzn.to/2dDyoks
• 8gb Micro SD memory card - SanDisk (£4) - http://amzn.to/2dkAQt5
• DHT22 AM2302 Digital Temperature Humidity Sensor (£1-4) - eBay
• Female to Female jumper cables - http://amzn.to/2dDDGMX
• Solderless Breadboard (£4) - http://amzn.to/2dyI9vU
• Resistor Pack Assorted (£4) - http://amzn.to/2dDDnS9

Optional

• Raspberry Pi official 8mp camera version 2.1 (£21)  - http://amzn.to/2deZvTg
• Lego style case (£6) - http://amzn.to/2dyFcM1
• DS18B20 1-Wire Temperature Sensor - http://amzn.to/2dkCISE
• BMP150 Pressure sensor - http://amzn.to/2dDFJk4

Other Stuff

• Wind Speed sensor - http://amzn.to/2dDFdCB
• Light Sensor - http://amzn.to/2dflhDq
• Rain Sensor - http://amzn.to/2dfkrql

Disable Serial console login via Raspi-Config - select advanced menu

sudo raspi-config

sudo nano /boot/config.txt

change

enable_uart = 0 

to

enable_uart = 1   

sudo apt-get install minicom

sudo apt-get install python-serial

reboot